Category
Factor
Desc
Connections
Expl
Evaluation questions
Engagement
Narrative
The product tells a story that creates the overall experience and helps follow and understand the events
Do you feel as being part of a story when using the product?
Usability
Learnability
- How easily and quickly can a user learn to use the technology when first encountering it?
Engagement
Activation
The product gives the user incentives and stimulates them to be actively involved with the productIs about getting involved, doing, discovering things. New sensations, having a choice
Do you feel nudged to discover new things?
Meaning
Popularity
• Influencing others’ beliefs and behaviors• Having an impact on what people do• Being a person whose advice others seek out and follow• Being recognized as a valuable person• Making friends
Feeling that you are liked, respected, and have influence over others rather than feeling like a person whose advice or opinion nobody is interested in. – validation, power
Do you feel part of a community where you are able to grow by being acknowledged by others?
Meaning
Sense of Purpose
- Feeling that you are **important** to others, **helpful** and have something to **contribute** to the world – **significance, benevolence**- Note: It depends. You have to determine the specific Sense of purpose for that user
Meaning
Relatedness / Belongingness
• Being aware of others’ emotions, activi- ties or mood• Expressing feelings or emotions in a wide variety of ways• Having a sense of physical intimacy• Caring about others• Offering gifts to others• Carrying out actions together• Keeping record of past activities and special moments
- Feeling that you have regular intimate **contact** with people who **care** about you rather than feeling lonely and uncared for. – **belonging, community, harmony** - Relatedness is about connecting to other people (that are important to us) - Not: Feeling related to a product. It can be relevant in intelligent agents tough - Not: Feeling related to a brand. That is about brand experience
Are there any related connections between you and others in connection to the product? Are they meaningful? How could they be improved? E.g. BlaBlaCar, Couchsurfing, Marktplaats
Engagement
Adaptivity
The product is aware of the user, the situation and/or the context and changes it’s behaviour to fit the needs of the userIs to do with personalization and with changing levels of difficulty, pace and movement.
Meaning
Security
• Feeling that life and things are structured and predictable• Having a comfortable set of routines and habits• Being safe from threats and uncertainty• Being in control of events• Understanding how things work• Interacting with transparent and clear systems
Feeling safe and in control of your life rather than feeling uncertain and threatened by your circumstances
Engagement
Immersion
The product triggers the senses and envelops the user so they are completely taken over, involved and focused (work in progress, suggestions for improvement welcome)
Are you feeling immersed, when completing major tasks with the product?
Engagement
Aesthetics
The product appeals to the user’s senses and is considered attractive
To what extent do you consider the product aesthetically pleasing?
Engagement
Authenticity
The product is original and genuine, it fits with the values of the userThere seem to be 2 kinds. One is about it being real. This kind is often only noticed when it breaks down. If you are engaged in some experience and something happens that suddenly reminds you that it is not real, then the authenticity can be lost. The other kind is about a product being a part of your identity, an expression of the self.
Engagement
Flow
The product creates a seamless path of actions through the interaction that can be followed easily and smoothly by the userFlow will help with getting people immersed
Meaning
Autonomy / Independance
• Feeling that activities are self-chosen and self-endorsed• Having meaningful choices• Being the cause of one’s actions• Taking responsibilities• Personalizing one’s environment• Not being overly pressed or influenced to do something
Feeling that you are the cause of your own actions rather than feeling that external forces or pressure are the cause of your action. – independent, free, self-actualizing
Are you feeling autonomous and independant in the actions you are doing?
Meaning
Competence / Effectiveness
• Achieving one’s goals and objectives• Attaining or exceeding a standard in one‘s performance• Mastering hard challenges, solving pro- blems• Completing difficult tasks and projects• Acquiring new skills, abilities or know- ledge• Learning how to do things• Interacting effectively with one’s environ- ment
Feeling that you are very capable and effective in your actions rather than feeling incompetent or ineffective. – accomplishment, achievement
Meaning
Stimulation
• Performing a leisure or playful activity• Having fun• Experiencing new sensations and activi- ties• Feeling intense physical pleasure• Feeling enjoyment for the senses: sensu- al pleasure, aesthetic pleasure• Discovering new sources and types of stimulation
Feeling that you get plenty of enjoyment and pleasure rather than feeling bored and under stimulated by life. – beauty, creation, enlightenment, excitement, daring
Meaning
Self-Actualizing
• Feeling that one has a purpose in life• Acting in conformity with one’s values• Being a moral person• Believing that one can make a difference• Attaining a deeper understanding of oneself• Becoming who one really is• Developing creativity and spontaneity
Usability
Accessibility
- Everybody (also people with disabilities) can perceive, understand, navigate, and interact with a product, and can contribute equally without barriers
Usability
Ease-of-Use
- Can the user effortlessly understand and operate the technology?- Note: some sources give the following definition for the factor **Ease of use**: *“The extent to which a product can be used by specified users to achieve specified goals with effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction in a specified context of use”* This definition contains other usability factors which means you would need other definitions to define the definition. The assignment says to look beyond this. Students struggle with this.
Usability
Efficiency
- How much resources does the user need to expend to use the product (once they have learned to use it)?- Note: originally we also had Effectivity as a factor but that turned out to be overlapping with Useful. For the lecturers it is also an exploration.
Usability
Retainability
- When users return to the product after a period of not using it, how easily can they reestablish proficiency?
Usability
Safety
- Does the technology prevent users from making serious errors and, if they do make an error, does it permit them to recover easily?- Note: There is a difference between keeping the user safe (safety) AND the product helping the user with **feeling safe** in a certain situation (security > a meaning factor)